Criminal Justice System Label Affects Fender - 1528 Words

The United States is the nation who incarcerates more offenders than any country in the world, this means that the cost of imprisonment, and healthcare for inmates is an expensive cost for taxpayers. The role of probation and parole was develop as a relief for taxpayers in order to reduce the cost of imprisonment. This supervision programs were develop in order to rehabilitate the offender, release into the community, and to prepare the offender to gain skills to obtain a job. Offenders spend a hard time trying to look for an employment, but the criminal justice system label affects the offender. There are many factors that affect the offender while trying to look for employment: criminal background, race, education, skills, and the social†¦show more content†¦After releasing probationers and parolees, the key to achieve supervision and to reduce recidivism is employment. The link between unemployment and crime is a major risk for a risk factor. The reciprocity of crime and unemployment has been studied by many researchers. According to the authors â€Å"prison is a cycle; they commit serious crimes, are arrested and incarcerated, serve their time in prison, are released, commit new crimes, and are arrested and re-incarcerated (Kethineni, Falcone, 2007, p.36). The role of employability is particularly important in ex-offenders’ efforts to avoid recidivism. There one assumption that states that persons who value employment would be reluctant to engage in criminal behavior. The stigma of having a criminal record effects the offender’s opportunities while trying to obtain a job. The criminal background of the offender possibilities of obtaining employment because many employers are not willing to hired ex-convicts. According to the authors â€Å"A survey of 3,000 employers in four major metropolitan areas revealed that two-thirds would not knowingly hire an ex-prisoner† (Abadinsky, 2015, p.182). The effects of the criminal record are crucial to the offender’s involvement in crime. The lack of employment is directed to poor financial stability and reinvolvement in crime. Statistics demonstrate the employers negative view on the criminal record â€Å"The results showed that there was a reduction of 50 per cent in the

Should Abortion Be Legalized - 1265 Words

Hannah Spivey PHI 240-401 Sean Riley 19 March 2016 Abortion Globally, abortion claims 2 billion lives each year and has costs the world untold value in the loss of scientist, artists, educators, and others who may have contributed to the cause of humanity. Abortion is defined several different ways but it ending a life no matter how soon it is done. Many laws have changed about abortions but also now they are considering letting someone wait until 36 weeks to have an abortion. At 36 weeks, that is a full baby that could be born into the world and survive and not have any complications it is absolutely insane that they would even consider this. Abortion is unsafe. Many of the procedures that are going on to let women have abortions is†¦show more content†¦Abortion should never be a choice. It is taking a life away an innocent life away from what could be a genius one day. I could never end a life because of any reason! Many think that life begins when you are born- that is not true life begins when you are conceived in those first few days. Even though you are not a fetus you still are a human. To declare a beginning of life at any point after the fusing of a wife’s egg and a husband’s contribution is irrational and an exercise in sophistical chicanery. A living human person begins to exist at the moment of conception, even though only as a cell. What is important is not the accident of size or weight but the essence – which is fully human. The unborn baby has a distinct, unchanging and unrepeatable genetic code, unique in all of history, from the moment of conception till death. Nothing is added except nutrition and oxygen. There are many types of abortions. During the first trimester, there is medical abortion procedure or after the first trimester there is surgical abortion. Surgical abortions is when instruments are used to cut the fetus into pieces and remove it f rom the uterus using a vacuum pump or just simple scraping and extraction. Medical abortion is with medications and it basically dissolves the child. The next two procedures have fallen out of use in modern times due to advances in pregnancy prediction and in ways to perform emergency C-sections without killing

My Evolution As A Teacher In Training Education Essay Free Essays

string(119) " Through my academic old ages, most of my instructors used direct direction and their instruction manners are similar\." Introduction As a pupil of Singapore public instruction for over 10 old ages, there are certain perceptual experiences and values about learning that is ingrained in me. Short instruction experiences during my occupation in pupil attention Centre and practicum besides help to determine my personal teaching method. However, throughout this class of Teaching and Managing Learners at the Primary Level, it opens my eyes to some mistake lines in some of my beliefs and helps to rectify them with relevant theories. We will write a custom essay sample on My Evolution As A Teacher In Training Education Essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now Besides that, it besides reaffirms some of my beliefs and provided accomplishments that farther authorise me. In this essay, I will speak two most outstanding takeouts which are pupils with particular demands and differentiated scholars. My Development as a instructor in preparation Students with particular demands ( SSN ) Past position I have non experienced holding a SSN in my category throughout my academic life. As a consequence, I have no chance to interact with them and information about them was limited. The lone clip that I get to interact with them was during my occupation as a pupil attention teacher where I experience two different instances of particular demands students-respectively anger-management and autistic pupil. They were really riotous during categories and necessitate much attending from the instructors. Since the instructors are non trained in managing SSNs, the instructors felt helpless and concluded that they are job pupils. Lack of understanding from equals besides resulted in intimidation and exclusion. It leads to their behaviour deterioration, which was a barbarous rhythm. This caused me to believe whether SSNs should remain in mainstream schools. This experience gives me the feeling that SSNs should non be mainstreamed as they have particular direction jobs that regular instructors can non manage. Besides, seeing them acquiring excluded by their equals make me experience that it may be more good if they remain in particular demands schools as it seems harder for them to incorporate to the mainstream schools. As a teacher-to-be, it besides leads me to be fearful of holding SSNs in my category as I am diffident if the preparation in National Institute of Education ( NIE ) will adequately fix me to confront the possible challenges or I will experience as helpless. Present position My position changed when during the class, we had a treatment on whether pupils of particular demands should be included in the mainstream instruction. That is when I realize that pupils of particular demands deserve the right to be mainstreamed and excel in a normal instruction. How can we be align to the Singapore ‘s Vision of being an inclusive state that embraces diverseness if there is segregation? ( Yeo,2012 ) There is a diverse scope of particular demands and most are no different from normal pupils except that they require more support from the instructors and more clip to go independent. Having them in the mainstream schoolroom non merely will fit them with the much-required societal accomplishments when they enter the work force, it besides allows other pupils to interact with them and further regard for differences. As surveies have shown, there are several noteworthy benefits to pupils with particular demands who attend mainstream instruction such as high academic a ccomplishment, higher self-pride and better societal accomplishments ( National Research Center on Learning Disabilities, 2007 ) .It challenges my perceptual experience because more frequently than non, there are more common between pupils with or without particular demands than difference. Deductions on teaching method The following inquiry will be my major concern – what are the schoolroom direction schemes that I can follow to back up the SSNs inside my schoolroom? During the class, we were introduced to inclusive instruction which I find extremely applicable. There are two chief countries in this scheme -social and academic inclusion. Social inclusion is societal relationships are built within the schoolroom such that each pupil will experience a sense of belonging. Academic inclusion is about the different acquisition demands of the pupils are taken into consideration, differentiated direction schemes are being adopted to provide to the assorted disablements. Some inclusion schemes that I may follow are peer-mediated direction and intercessions, or concerted acquisition so as to further positive connexions between the pupils. ( Maning A ; Butcher, 2013 ) . Previously, I was excessively focused on how to incorporate SSNs into the mainstream schoolrooms. Integration posits that SSNs should accommodate to the school and that lone instructors who are well-trained in Particular Needs Education can pull off them good. However, inclusion is based in welcoming diverseness and advocates that schools need to hold the flexibleness to alter its course of study to provide to diverse demands of pupils. It besides recognizes that regular instructors like me play an of import function to back up SSNs in their acquisition. Alternatively of sing SSNs needs as being ‘deficit-driven ‘ , we should follow the position that academic public presentation and schoolroom behaviour can be improved. This makes me recognize that learning and inclusion of SSNs in a mainstream school environment is non â€Å" specialized † as I thought. This reforms my personal teaching method as I learn to acknowledge that all pupils are active scholars regardless if they have particular demands. As a instructor, I will foremost necessitate to be a function theoretical account and have the right perceptual experiences as pupils are likely to mirror my actions. By handling all pupils with regard and without prejudice, I will so be able to construct an inclusive and respectful schoolroom environment that benefits all pupils. Of class, attempts to include SSNs can be disputing and I might necessitate to seek the aid of external support. However, I no longer concentrate on the challenges of holding SSNs in the schoolroom. Alternatively, my personal teaching method is now based on the impression of holding an inclusive schoolroom where it is a caring community and each person is an active scholar. There are great challenges but surely greater wagess. 2 ) Differentiated Learners Past perceptual experience Through my academic old ages, most of my instructors used direct direction and their instruction manners are similar. Hence, I thought that there is merely a one manner attack of learning constructs. After all, I have done good under such mono-dimensional instruction manner. For my equals who could non get by with their surveies, I merely think that they are either non hardworking plenty or merely non that smart. I so had some learning experience in private tuitions where I have had 6 Mathematics pupils at one point of clip. There was no fluctuation in the manner I taught the different pupils and I realize that the manner I teach reflects the manner I was taught. When their consequences are released, all pupils improved enormously except for one. This surprised me as he was really industrious and some of my tutees who did non work every bit difficult improved much more than him. Due to the overall success by other pupils, I ne’er one time consider that it might be due to him b eing non suited to my instruction manner and thought that possibly he is excessively nervous during the tests. After I went over to NIE and started my preparation as a instructor, I was being introduced to different instruction schemes, nevertheless, deep inside my bosom, I felt that â€Å" new † learning schemes such as differentiated prep are a waste of clip and I still prefer utilizing the traditional method of instruction. Present Position During this semester, prior to this class, I have taken another faculty called Multicultural surveies where I learnt that in a diverse schoolroom, each pupil has single complex individualities and different worlds. As a instructor, we tend to enforce our worlds upon our pupils and the desperate consequence is that our pupils are essentialized ( Ismail, 2012 ) . This leads to me to oppugn that possibly what I perceived as the best instruction manner may non be suited to every pupil in my category. Furthermore, during the class, I learnt about Dr Howard Gardner ‘s theory of multiple intelligences larning and the different types of acquisition manners ( Visual, Auditory, Tactile and kinestatic ) . During one of the tutorial, our coach asks the category to take part in a study that calculates our intelligence and I realize everyone have different intelligences. Reflecting that back to our educational system, I realize the traditional instruction scheme promotes on merely two sorts of intelligence: verbal/linguistic and logical/mathematics and neglects the remainder. This is when I realize that each kid is alone in his/her ain manner, in footings of â€Å" rational profile † and types of acquisition manners. My preferable manner of larning may non be the same as some of them. I so come to a decision that there is no one-size-fits-all attack and this is true particularly in a diverse schoolroom in multicultural Singapore where kids comes from different backgrounds and civilizations. Deductions on Pedogogy My personal teaching method has been changed to acknowledging that as instructors, we need to be flexible and understand that â€Å" pull offing today ‘s diverse schoolrooms requires the cognition, accomplishments, and sensitivities to work with pupils from diverse racial, cultural, linguistic communication, and societal category backgrounds † ( Weinstein, Romana A ; Mignana, 2011 ) . As stated by Moreno and Abercrombie ( 2010 ) , we need to understand how to â€Å" suit direction so that all kids can execute to their full potency † . Instruction should get down by presuming that every individual pupil are capable of larning and has a personal and alone manner of larning where I can detect and construct upon ( Grant A ; Sleeter, 2005 ) .The debut of differentiated direction so shed some visible radiation on how I can accomplish this contributing schoolroom environment that meet the larning demands of assorted heterogenous groups of pupils. Ddifferentiated direction is an umbrella construct that incorporates the usage of assorted learning schemes ( Allan, n.d. ) and where lessons are planned with the demands of diverse scholars in head. Some applications that I will follow are utility course of study, differentiated prep and alteration of stuffs. Substitute course of study provides alternate instructional stuffs or adapts the course of study in footings of sum of content based on different larning demands, guaranting that pupils will non experience left out when they could non maintain up with the general gait. The usage of differentiated prep allows weaker pupils to get the hang losing accomplishments, and besides extension of content to dispute the stronger pupils, providing to the different abilities of the category. Alteration of stuffs can besides back up the acquisition of pupils, particularly those with particular demands. For illustration, for pupils with ocular damage, we can hold big print stuffs, for haptic s cholars, we can do usage of concrete stuffs to convey across the abstract constructs of Mathematicss and besides we can supply simplified version of excess notes for pupils who could non maintain up with their work. It may be besides utile to first happen out the acquisition profiles, the involvements and anterior cognition of the pupils through studies or former instructors so as to better be after the direction course of study for the category. All in all, I feel that as present pedagogues, we must avoid presuming homogeneousness of our pupils ‘ abilities ( Grant A ; Sleeter, 2005 ) . With the addition of immigrants in Singapore and more volatile planetary traffic, the diverseness is reflected within our schoolrooms and therefore, as we assumed the function of a instructor, we need to make a schoolroom environment that maximizes larning for each pupil. It is a complicated yet indispensable procedure to be aware of the assorted demands of the category as a whole, runing from different intelligence, larning manners to different particular demands, guaranting every pupil ‘s possible is nurtured and maximized. Decision Throughout the class, I learnt that in order to be an effectual instructor, it requires us to hold a comprehensive apprehension of why and what are we making in our schoolrooms. In the past, I was excessively focused on myself where I worry about what are the challenges I may confront and what is the learning manner that is most convenient to me. However, I realized that as we assume the function of a instructor, we need to maneuver from being me-centered to student-centered. We need to be aware of what are the educational purpose we have for our pupils and acknowledging their acquisition demands. All in all, I felt that this class has been challenging and helps me turn professionally. It reminds me of the demand to constantly reflect upon our personal teaching method and guarantee that it is up-to-date such that it is cognizant of current challenges and new alterations. Of class, my development of instructor will non stop here and at that place will be new find of thoughts and schem es in the hereafter. However, I believe with an unfastened bosom and willingness to larn, I will decidedly hold a well-thought out personal teaching method that equips me to be a good instructor. Wordss: 2094 How to cite My Evolution As A Teacher In Training Education Essay, Essay examples

Marketing Principles Ecosystem Services

Question: Discuss about the Marketing Principles for Ecosystem Services. Answer: Introduction Marketing plan is essential for every business organization. This particular study aims to develop a new marketing plan for Haighs Chocolate, which is a family owned chocolate manufacturing company in Australia. The business of the company is already expanded to different areas in the world. The company is also the oldest family owned chocolate producer in the market of Australia and now the company is aiming to enhance its brand awareness so that it can perform better in the existing markets (Haighschocolates.com.au 2016). During this new marketing plan for Haighs Chocolate, the focus is made mainly on the identification of the internal situation of the company and its competitive advantage. In order to identify the internal situation of the company, the SWOT analysis is done. At the same time, the study also concentrates on developing the strategies for the 4Ps of marketing. In addition, the target market and the positioning strategies of the company are also developed for the business expansion of the company. Analysis and Evaluation of brand (SWOT analysis) Strengths Good financial strengths Friendly working environment within the company High product quality Proper internal infrastructure (Haighschocolates.com.au 2016) Weaknesses Less employee strength in marketing department Lack of proper marketing strategies Complicated distribution channel Opportunities The demand for chocolate is always high in every country The raw materials for producing the chocolate is always available The growth opportunity is high Threats The competition in the international chocolate manufacturing industry is much high. Several large chocolate manufacturing companies are operating their business (Haighschocolates.com.au 2016). Table 1: SWOT analysis for Haighs Chocolate (Source: Haighschocolates.com.au 2016) The above SWOT table is showing that the company is having enough strength to enhance the market awareness in the existing markets. As the company has strong financial backup, it will be not tough for the company investing money in new promotional or marketing strategies (Bull et al. 2016). The friendly working environment will help the company getting support from the employees end. However, fewer employees in the marketing department and lack of proper marketing strategies may create big problem during the market expansion. On the other side, as the company will face the threat of high market competition, the management of the company must concentrate on its strengths and opportunities (Von Kodolitsch et al. 2015). The growth opportunities must be utilized for further business development of the company. Competitive Advantage and Positioning A company must have the capacity of achieving the competitive advantage while increasing the current business volume of a company. Margulis, and Margulis, QuikBreak (2015) has defined competitive advantage as the situation of a company in which the company can take a superior position in the market or within the industry. The competitive advantage of a company can be understood by identifying the unique selling point of the company (Suri 2016). In case of Haighs Chocolate, the competitive advantage or unique selling point of the company is in its product quality. The company produces the single origin handmade chocolates, which are not easily available at everywhere (West, Ford and Ibrahim 2015). Moreover, the company uses high quality raw materials like, cocoa powder, cocoa butter, sugar, coconut oil and other dry ingredients. All of the ingredients used by the company are supplied by the best suppliers at the place. Apart from these, the company is also going to launch sugar free chocolates, which will help the company attracting the diabetic patients also, who cannot eat chocolates due to the restrictions of having sugar (Saeidi et al. 2015). At the same time, as the company has good internal infrastructure and good communication and bonding among the employees, it will also help the company grabbing the attention of the people or customers by providing proper service to the existing and new customers. On the other side, in order to enhance the market awareness, the company will also take care of the price of the products, so that it can enhance its competitive advantage (David and David 2016). Marketing objectives The company prepares the marketing plan or takes the marketing strategies so that it can create awareness about its products in the market (Schlegelmilch 2016). Along with this, the companies also want to increase its sales volume as well as profitability with the help of their marketing plan and strategies (Faratin, and Shi, Robust Links 2015). In case of Haighs Chocolate, the primary objectives of marketing are to create strong product awareness in the new as well as existing markets and to enhance the brand recognition of the company (Haighschocolates.com.au 2016). As the company is going to enhance the brand awareness in the new and existing markets, it is obvious that the people at those places are not fully aware of the brand of Haighs Chocolate. Therefore, it is the first objective to create strong awareness by focusing the USP or the quality of the product. Apart from that, this marketing has another objective of increasing the financial strength of the company (Haighschocol ates.com.au 2016). Target market Identifying the proper target market is very important while expanding the business or brand awareness of any company. In the words of Huet et al. (2015), a company can identify its proper target market, by segmenting the overall market on the basis of some factors. These factors are demographic factors, psychographic factors and geographic factors. In order to increase the brand awareness, the management of Haighs Chocolate must segment its market based on these three factors (Kim et al. 2016). The segmentation and target market of the company are stated below: Demographic segmentation and targeting It will be better for Haighs Chocolate, if it does the demographic segmentation on the basis of the income level and gender of the people (Healy 2015). The company will require dividing the market into three segments based on the income level of the people. The segments will be - high income group, middle income group and low income group. After segregating the market into three segments, the company must target the high income group and middle income group. This is because the products of the company will not be priced at low level and so it will be better for the company if it target the high level and middle level income group (David and David 2016). On the basis of the gender, the company will divide the market into two segments male and female. The company will target both of the two segments because both male customers and female customers like to have chocolate in any festival or at any time (Haighschocolates.com.au 2016). Geographic segmentation and targeting In case of the market segmentation based on the geographic factors, the company will segment the market as per the geographic boundaries of different countries. The company will segment the market in to three geographic areas Eastern zone, middle-east zone and western zone. The company will mainly target the people in the eastern zone and western zone because in this will help the company to differentiate between the tastes and preferences of the people, so that the company can produce the specified products (JO et al. 2016). Psychographic segmentation and targeting This is another category considering which the company can identify its target market. The company will consider the personality of the people in order to do the psychographic market segmentation. The company will segment the market into two segments people with polite personality and people with aggressive personality. The company will target the people with polite personality because in surveys, the company has identified that the people with polite personality prefer to eat chocolate in any occasion (Haighschocolates.com.au 2016). Product Strategy: As discussed by Brooksbank (2013) for obtaining a successful marketing mix and making the brand popular among the target customers, it is important for the companies to design the product in such a way that attracts the target customers and fulfils their demand. The company can opt for developing a new product range for the Christmas. The Christmas season is highly profitable for the chocolate companies and people are likely to gift various kinds of chocolates to their kith and keen. Hence, the company will develop a milk chocolate range for the customers, as it is the most popular chocolate kind worldwide. As the company has chosen its target customers from all age group, this range will include a line of sugar-free chocolates for aged and customers with health concerns. As opined by Giddens (2015) branding of a product is crucial for creating market awareness. As the consulting company has the objective of creating brand awareness, launching a product in Christmas will be a great idea, as it is the season of gifting chocolates. For branding the company can provide a wish note with every box of the product, which will be handwritten by the maker. The company can also opt for an offer of engraving the name of the receiver and giver on the bo x, with the phrase Haighs Chocolate is here to deliver a wish note from X to Y. Product Design: The name of the product will be Whish Choc Note. The product will be a standard model of Santa Claus with the weight of 40 g. The length and breadth will be (4x.5) inches. The sugar free line of product will also be of the same standard. Now, for the packaging, the company must go for a consumer packaging strategy (Verghese et al. 2012). As discussed by ST Wang (2013) the objectives of packaging includes the cause of presentation, protection, preservation, economy and convenience. Now, for attracting the customers to the product, the packet will be of red and white colour as it is a charismas product range. The product will be launched in a round shaped tin box, which will be covered with a paper cover from its interior. The radius of the box will be 2.2 inches and its height will be .7 inches. As discussed by Kotler et al. (2015) one of the major objectives packaging protection and preservation of the product. The tin box will be helpful in protecting the product from any outward damage. The product will be wrapped with foil and inner coat of the box will be helpful in preserving the product from humidity or any bacterial attack. Convenience is typically important factor in product packaging. Here, the small size of the product will be helpful in handing it with ease. The cost of packaging will be a bit high, however, depending on the product image and the pricing strategy, the company has to follow this packaging idea for successfully attract its customers. Pricing Strategy: As opined by Brooksbank (2013) a pragmatic pricing of a product is crucial for a brands success in the market. While opting for a price of a product, the companies need to consider the competition, distribution, products position in the PLC, demand pattern of the product and the objectives of the marketer. Figure 1: PLC for Whish Choc Note (Source: Created by the author) Here, the company can choose a premium pricing policy. As the company is following the strategy of providing handmade and single origin chocolates, the company carries much higher cost than other mass production organizations. Moreover, the packaging and branding will cost the company a much higher range of production cost than its competitors. Hence, it is important for the company to opt for a higher range of pricing strategy (Banfi et al. 2013). However, as the company has chosen the objective of creating brand awareness, it is important to hold the price within a certain limit. As mentioned by Kotler et al. (2015) in the introduction stage of a product, the companies generally face the issues like, high cost per unit and low sales, hence, the organization can opt for a skimming pricing strategy. As the company needs to create brand awareness, it is important to set a relatively high price for the product at its innovation and lowering it with its growth in the PLC. In the introdu ction phase, the company can opt for a higher range of price for each of the product, which can be declined in the maturity stage. Moreover, the company needs to create a different price range for the sugar free line, as it will create different cost per unit. Here, the company will follow the strategy of price differentiation (Brooksbank 2013). Place Strategy: As mentioned by Brooksbank (2013) distribution channel is significantly important for the organizations as it approaches the customers directly and this is the way from where the customers can grab the product. However, as mentioned by Kotler et al. (2015) in the modern world of business, the companies need to make themselves available in the web portals. As the socio-cultural pattern of the international market has taken a high pace, the companies need to be more approachable and available to its target customers. The company already has a website which provides the convenience of online shopping of the company products (Home page - Haigh's Chocolates 2016). Here, Haighs Chocolate needs to introduce this product line into its Christmas collection and Gift collection. Moreover, for approaching higher number of customers the company can make the product available in the online shopping portals like Amazon.com, eBay.com and other popular platforms. On the other hand, the company needs to make the product offerings in the high-end gift shops and confectioneries. As in Christmas people tends to buy gifts and cakes, availability of the product in those stores will influence the buyers to make a purchasing decision in favour of the brand. As the company has targeted the population of all age group, availability in the physical stores is required for being available to the aged customers (Brooksbank 2013). Promotion strategy In order to promote its product in a better way, Haighs Chocolate will use advertisement as the promotional tool. The company will promote its products with the help of three types of advertisements magazine advertisement, television advertisement and social media advertisement. The company will use advertisement as the promotional tool because with the help of advertisements, the company can aware highest number of people within minimum time (Maheshwari, Seth, and Gupta 2015). However, the cost of the company will be high in case of promoting the products through advertisement. As the company has strong financial backup, it will not be very problematic for the company. The advertisement through magazine will help the company to create attention in the minds of people for many days. On the other side, with the help of television advertisements, the company can create awareness regularly (Marian 2016). The social media advertisements will also aware the people, who are not fond of watching television or reading magazine. Apart from advertisement, the company can also use the sales promotion strategies to promote its products. As the strategy of sales promotion, the company can provide free gifts with the large packets of chocolates. Conclusion In this study, it has been identified that Haighs Chocolate is the oldest handmade chocolate manufacturing company in Australia. The company is currently trying to enhance the brand awareness in the existing market of it. The company has enough strength that it can utilize to reduce its weaknesses and threats. The USP of the company is its product quality. The company will target its market on the basis of the demographic, psychographic and geographic segmentations. The company is also planning to launch its new sugar free chocolate in the market. It will emphasize on premium pricing strategy and choose the advertisement and sales promotion strategies to promote its products in the market. Reference list: Banfi, F., Bhandari, R., Gordon, J. and Umblijs, A., 2013. Marketing Mix Modeling. Retail Marketing and Branding: A Definitive Guide to Maximizing ROI, Second Edition, pp.161-177. Brooksbank, R.W., 2013. Successful marketing practice: a literature review and checklist for marketing practitioners. International Journal of Wine Marketing. Bull, J.W., Jobstvogt, N., Bhnke-Henrichs, A., Mascarenhas, A., Sitas, N., Baulcomb, C., Lambini, C.K., Rawlins, M., Baral, H., Zhringer, J. and Carter-Silk, E., 2016. 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West, D., Ford, J. and Ibrahim, E., 2015.Strategic marketing: creating competitive advantage. Oxford University Press.